View source for Jacksonville, Florida

{{Short description|Largest city in Florida, United States}} 
{{Redirect|Jacksonville}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}} 
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Jacksonville
| official_name      = City of Jacksonville and Duval County
| settlement_type    = [[Consolidated city–county]]
| image_skyline      = {{Multiple image
| perrow                   = 1/2/2/2/1
| total_width              = 290
| caption_align            = center
| border                   = infobox
| image1                   = Jacksonville Skyline Panorama 2.jpg
| caption1                 = [[Downtown Jacksonville]] skyline with [[Main Street Bridge (Jacksonville)|Main Street Bridge]]
| image7                   = FloridaTheatre2k14.JPG
| caption7                 = [[Florida Theatre]]
| image3                   = Long bridge (Unsplash).jpg
| caption3                 = [[Dames Point Bridge]]
| image4                   = Jacksonville Terminal Complex, FL, US (03).jpg
| caption4                 = [[Jacksonville Union Station]]
| image5                   = Confederate Monument Pedestal (Jacksonville, Florida).jpg
| caption5                 = [[James Weldon Johnson Park]] 
| image6                   = Jax FL Memorial Park statue1-01.jpg
| caption6                 = [[Memorial Park (Jacksonville)|Memorial Park]]
| image2                   = Eclips at Talleyrand Marine Terminal.jpg
| caption2                 = [[Port of Jacksonville]]
| image8                   = EverBankField2014.jpg
| caption8                 = [[EverBank Stadium]]
}}
| image_flag         = Flag of Jacksonville, Florida.svg
| image_seal         = Seal of Jacksonville, Florida.png
| nickname           = "Jax",<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.actionnewsjax.com/news/local/jacksonville-featured-60-minutes-people-struggle-afford-housing/Y34AC36WJVDC5DGG4P4JAD5HVA/|publisher=ActionNewsJax|title=PRICED OUT OF JAX: Jacksonville's rental crisis featured on 60 Minutes|date=March 21, 2022 |access-date=March 22, 2022}}</ref> "The River City",<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jaxhistory.org/a-river-runs-through-it/|publisher=Jacksonville Historical Society|title=A River Runs Through It|date=July 2021 |access-date=March 22, 2022}}</ref> The Bold New City of the South
| motto              = ''Where Florida Begins'', ''It's Easier Here''
| named_for          = [[Andrew Jackson]]
| image_map          = Duval County Florida Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Jacksonville Highlighted.svg
| map_caption        = Location within Duval County
| pushpin_map        = Florida#USA
| pushpin_label_position = Left
| pushpin_relief     = 1
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within Florida##Location within the United States
| pushpin_label      = Jacksonville
| coordinates        = {{coord|30|20|13|N|81|39|41|W|region:US-FL_type:city(949,000)|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes = <ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=April 23, 2011|date=February 12, 2011|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = [[United States]]
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Florida]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Florida|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Duval County, Florida|Duval]]
| established_title  = Founded
| established_date   = {{start date and age|June 15, 1822}}
| established_title2 = Incorporated
| established_date2  = {{start date and age|1832|02|09|mf=y}}
| established_title3 = Consolidated<ref>{{cite web |title=Consolidation |url=http://www.jaxhistory.org/consolidation-2/ |website=The Jacksonville Historical Society |access-date=October 9, 2018}}</ref>
| established_date3  = {{start date and age|1968}}
| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = [[Strong-mayor|Strong Mayor–Council]]
| leader_party       = [[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]
| governing_body     = [[Jacksonville City Council]]
| leader_title       = [[List of mayors of Jacksonville, Florida|Mayor]]
| leader_name        = [[Donna Deegan]]
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| total_type         = Total
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_12.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=October 31, 2021}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi   = 874.46
| area_total_km2     = 2264.84
| area_land_sq_mi    = 747.30
| area_land_km2      = 1935.49
| area_water_sq_mi   = 127.16
| area_water_km2     = 329.35
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name="GR1" />
| elevation_ft       = 16
| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 949611
| population_rank    = [[List of North American cities by population|37th]] in North America<br />[[List of United States cities by population|11th]] in the United States<br />[[List of municipalities in Florida|1st]] in Florida
| population_metro_footnotes = <ref name="2020Pop">{{cite web |title=2020 Population and Housing State Data |url=https://www.census.gov/library/visualizations/interactive/2020-population-and-housing-state-data.html |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=August 22, 2021}}</ref>
| population_metro   = 1733937 ([[List of metropolitan statistical areas|US: 39th]])
| population_density_sq_mi = 1270.73
| population_density_km2 = 490.63
| population_urban   = 1,247,374 ([[List of United States urban areas|US: 40th]])
| population_density_urban_km2 = 840.1
| population_density_urban_sq_mi = 2,175.9
| population_demonym = Jaxon, Jacksonvillian
| timezone1          = [[Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
| utc_offset1        = −5
| timezone1_DST      = [[Eastern Time Zone|EDT]]
| utc_offset1_DST    = −4
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code        = 32099, 32201–32212, 32214–32241, 32244–32247, 32250, 32254–32260, 32266, 32267, 32277, 32290, 32246
| area_code          = [[Area code 904|904]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 12-35000
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 0295003<ref name=gnis>{{Cite GNIS|295003|Jacksonville, Florida}}</ref>
| website            = [http://www.coj.net City of Jacksonville]
| pop_est_as_of      = July 2022
| pop_est_footnotes  = <ref name="2020sCitiesAndTowns">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html|title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2022|publisher=US Census Bureau|website=Census.gov}}</ref>
| population_est     = 971319
}}

'''Jacksonville''' is a city located on the Atlantic coast of northeastern [[Florida]], the most populous [[city proper]] in the state and the [[List of United States cities by area|largest city by area]] in the [[contiguous United States]] as of 2020.<ref name="COJ2020">{{cite web |author1=Staff |title=Geography and Demography |url=https://www.coj.net/about-jacksonville/geography-and-demography |website=CityofJacksonville.net |publisher=City of Jacksonville and Duval County Government |access-date=August 28, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200620110250/https://www.coj.net/about-jacksonville/geography-and-demography |archive-date=June 20, 2020 |url-status=live }}</ref> It is the [[county seat|seat]] of [[Duval County, Florida|Duval County]],<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx|access-date=June 7, 2011|title=Find a County|publisher=National Association of Counties}}</ref> with which the city government [[Jacksonville Consolidation|consolidated]] in 1968. Consolidation greatly increased its population relative to its extended size which placed most of its metropolitan population within the city limits. As of July [[2020 United States census|2022]], Jacksonville's population was 971,319,<ref name="QuickFacts">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts: Jacksonville city, Florida |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/jacksonvillecityflorida/POP010220 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=August 20, 2021}}</ref> making it the most populous city in the [[Southeastern United States]] and the largest in [[Southern United States|the South]] outside the state of Texas.<ref name=PopEstCities>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2010-2019/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2019-ANNRNK.xlsx|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places of 50,000 or More, Ranked by July 1, 2019 Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2019|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]], Population Division|access-date=May 21, 2020}}</ref> With a population of 1,733,937, the [[Jacksonville metropolitan area]] ranks as Florida's fourth-largest metropolitan region.<ref name="2020Pop" />The metropolitan area consists of Clay County, St. Johns County, Nassau County, and Baker County

Jacksonville straddles the [[St. Johns River]] in the [[First Coast]] region of northeastern Florida, about {{convert|12|mi|km|0|abbr=off|sp=us}} south of the Georgia state line ({{convert|25|mi|km|0|abbr=on|disp=or}} to the urban core/downtown) and {{convert|350|mi|km|abbr=}} north of [[Miami]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://check-distance.com/route/jacksonville-fl/miami-fl|title=Distance from Jacksonville, FL to Miami, FL|website=check-distance.com|language=en|access-date=February 13, 2019}}</ref> The [[Jacksonville Beaches]] communities are along the adjacent Atlantic coast. The area was originally inhabited by the [[Timucua]] people, and in 1564 was the site of the French colony of [[Fort Caroline]], one of the earliest European settlements in what is now the continental United States. Under [[British Florida|British rule]], a settlement grew at the narrow point in the river where cattle crossed, known as ''Wacca Pilatka'' to the [[Seminole]] and the Cow Ford to the British. A [[plat]]ted town was established there in 1822, a year after the United States gained [[Spanish Florida|Florida]] from Spain; it was named after [[Andrew Jackson]], the first [[List of Governors of Florida|military governor]] of the [[Florida Territory]] and seventh President of the United States.

Harbor improvements since the late 19th century have made Jacksonville a major military and civilian [[port|deep-water port]]. Its riverine location facilitates [[Naval Station Mayport]], [[Naval Air Station Jacksonville]], the U.S. Marine Corps [[Blount Island Command]], and the [[Port of Jacksonville]], Florida's third largest seaport.<ref name=AAPA>[http://aapa.files.cms-plus.com/Statistics/2008%20U.S.%20PORT%20RANKINGS%20BY%20CARGO%20TONNAGE.pdf "US Port Ranking by Cargo Volume 2008"] American Association of Port Authorities</ref> Jacksonville's military bases and the nearby [[Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay]] form the third largest military presence in the United States.<ref name="Port of Jacksonville">[http://www.worldportsource.com/ports/USA_FL_Port_of_Jacksonville_225.php "Port of Jacksonville"] World Port Source, Port Detail</ref> Significant factors in the local economy include services such as banking, insurance, healthcare and logistics. As with much of Florida, tourism is important to the Jacksonville area, particularly tourism related to [[golf]].<ref>{{cite news|title= Golf tourism a boon for Northeast Florida|first= Abel|last= Harding|newspaper= [[The Florida Times-Union]]|date= April 3, 2010|url= http://jacksonville.com/opinion/blog/abel-harding/2010-04-02/golf-tourism-boon-northeast-florida|access-date= October 26, 2010|archive-date= April 8, 2010|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100408225955/http://jacksonville.com/opinion/blog/abel-harding/2010-04-02/golf-tourism-boon-northeast-florida|url-status= dead}}</ref><ref name=Britannica>{{cite encyclopedia |url= https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/298914/Jacksonville|title= Jacksonville|encyclopedia= Encyclopaedia Britannica|access-date=November 21, 2011}}</ref> People from Jacksonville are sometimes called "Jacksonvillians" or "Jaxsons" (also spelled "Jaxons").<ref name=Jaxson>{{cite web |url= http://news.wjct.org/post/what-do-you-call-someone-jacksonville |title= What Do You Call Someone From Jacksonville?|last1= Donges |first1= Patrick |date= April 17, 2014 |website= news.wjct.org |publisher= [[WJCT (TV)|WJCT]] |access-date=December 5, 2014}}</ref><ref name="Hillyer2014">{{cite book|first=Reiko|last=Hillyer|title=Designing Dixie: Tourism, Memory, and Urban Space in the New South|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2jXxAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT69|date=December 29, 2014|publisher=University of Virginia Press|isbn=978-0-8139-3671-0|page=69}}</ref><ref name="Davis2015">{{cite book|author=Ennis Armon Davis|title=Jacksonville|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eKCMCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA93|year=2015|publisher=Arcadia Publishing|isbn=978-1-4671-1468-4|page=93}}</ref><ref name="Aloszka2021">{{cite news |first1=John |last1=Aloszka |title=The River is Calling |url=https://eujacksonville.com/2021/03/22/the-river-is-calling/ |access-date=March 24, 2021 |work=Folio 2.0 / EU Jacksonville |date=March 22, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210324141635/https://eujacksonville.com/2021/03/22/the-river-is-calling/ |archive-date=March 24, 2021 |quote=And while there may be some division among Jaxsons when it comes to what should eventually fill the newly renamed Riverfront Plaza, Downtown leaders are wasting no time programming the space for the summer. |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="TheJaxson2021">{{cite magazine |title=About The Jaxson |url=https://www.thejaxsonmag.com/about/ |access-date=March 26, 2021 |magazine=www.thejaxsonmag.com |date=2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122034919/https://www.thejaxsonmag.com/about/ |archive-date=January 22, 2021 |language=en |quote=Jaxson" is a traditional term for someone from Jacksonville, Florida... Launched by Modern Cities in association with WJCT Public Broadcasting, The Jaxson is a multimedia project dedicated to urbanism and culture on Florida's First Coast. |url-status=live }}</ref>